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Appendix C

Reference Manual

Process Data Guide for Generic Materials


The generic data presented here have been prepared from measurements made on several popular generic polymer materials typically used with C-MOLD analyses. The data has been extended to filled systems using commonly accepted rules described herein. This information is to be used for initial guesses only and results must be verified using data gathered from testing the actual material to be used in the molding process. The data presented here is utilized entirely at the user's discretion.

This information is not intended to replace actual measured data and is provided in good faith. AC Technology disclaims all warranties, express or implied, from the use of this data. AC Technology expressly disclaims all incidental and consequential damages which may arise from the use of this information.

Processing Conditions

Suggested data for the following processing conditions are included in Table C-1:

The processing temperatures and maximum injection pressure are obtained based upon average manufacturers' recommendations. These are recommended as starting points only and should be adjusted for specific applications. As observed in experiments, polymer melt flow typically turns unstable as the shear stress (shear rate) level exceeds a critical value for a given material. Thus, it is recommended that the maximum shear stress (shear rate) be maintained below the recommended value in order to avoid flow instability. During the process, the maximum shear stress (shear rate) typically occurs at the wall near the gate.

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Table C-1. Suggested processing conditions for various generic materials
Material 
Processing conditions 
Generic type 
Tmelt
(°C) 
Tmax
(°C) 
Teject
(°C) 
Tmold
(°C) 
pmax
(Pa) 
max
(Pa) 
max
(1/s) 
ABS 
200 - 260 
280 
120 
83 
1.7x108 
2.8x105 
1.2x104 
POM  
(ACETAL) 
177 - 216 
240 
150 
96 
1.2x108 
4.5x105 
4.0x104 
HDPE 
177 - 260 
280 
95 
43 
1.2x108 
2.2x105 
6.5x104 
LDPE 
149 - 232 
280 
65 
27 
1.2x108 
1.1x105 
4.0x104 
PA 6  
(Nylon 6) 
221 - 293 
320 
170 
85 
1.4x108 
3.1x105 
1.0x105 
PA 66  
(Nylon 66) 
249 - 293 
320 
170 
85 
1.4x108 
3.1x105 
1.0x105 
PA 12  
(Nylon 12) 
191 - 280 
320 
170 
85 
1.4x108 
3.1x105 
1.0x105 
PC 
250 - 327 
330 
150 
104 
1.4x108 
5.0x105 
4.0x104 
PEI 
357 - 388 
400 
190 
107 
1.6x108 
5.0x105 
4.0x104 
PMMA 
191 - 260 
280 
150 
88 
1.2x108 
4.1x105 
2.1x104 
PET  
(Polyester) 
179 - 296 
300 
140 
93 
1.2x108 
4.1x105 
4.0x104 
PP 
177 - 288 
300 
120 
49 
1.4x108 
2.6x105 
2.4x104 
PPE (PPO) 
216 - 302 
310 
120 
60 
1.4x108 
4.7x105 
5.0x104 
PPS 
316 - 330 
360 
160 
121 
1.4x108 
5.0x105 
2.3x104 
PS 
204 - 263 
280 
120 
60 
1.4x108 
2.4x105 
4.0x104 
PVC 
154 - 210 
220 
90 
38 
2.0x108 
2.0x105 
3.2x104 
SAN 
227 - 260 
280 
120 
38 
1.4x108 
3.3x105 
3.8x104 



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